C Programming

2009-11-26T04:39:00.000-08:00

Comment Line :
// - to comment a single line.
/* */ - to comment multiple line.
Data types :

int, char, float, void, double, long int, long float.

Declaration of a variable :

int variable_name;

char variable_name;

float variable_name;

defined function in stdio.h :

printf - to print in the screen.

syntax of printf :

printf("%d", n);

//where %d is format specifier of int and n is variable of data type int.

scanf - to input form keyboard.

syntax of scanf :

scanf("%d", &n);

//where %d is format specifier of int and n is variable of data type int. & represent address of.

//Here in the address of n the inputed value will stored.

Operators :

Arithmetic operators :

+, -, /, *

Logical operators :

&&, ||, !

Binary operator :

^, &, |

Operations :

a + b;

//here addition of two variable a and b, where a and b may any data type given above.

a - b;

//here subtraction of two variable a and b, where a and b may any data type given above.

a / b;

//here division of two variable a and b, where a and b may any data type given above.

a * b;

//here multiplication of two variable a and b, where a and b may any data type given above.

C Program :

#include "stdio.h"
void main()
{
   int a, b;
   printf("Enter First Number: ");
   scanf("%d", &a);

printf("Enter Second Number: ");

scanf("%d", &b);

printf("Sum of two Number is %d", a+b);

}

To Implement Stack using array.

Theory :

A stack is a list of elements in which an element may be inserted or deleted only at one end, called the top of the stack. This means, in particular, that elements are removed from a stack in the reverse order of that in which they were inserted into the stack. Stack has two basic operations i.e. push and pop. Push inserts an element on the top of the stack and pop removes a element from the top of the stack.

C Program:

#include "stdio.h"

#include "conio.h"

void push(int *, int *, int);

void display(int *, int);

void pop(int *, int *);

int menu(void);

void main()

{

int arr[20];

int top = -1;

int ch, n = 20;

while((ch = menu()) != 4)

{

switch(ch)

{

case 1:

push(arr, &top, n);

getch();

break;

case 2:

pop(arr, &top);

getch();

break;

case 3:

display(arr, top);

getch();

break;

default :

clrscr();

printf("\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\t ");

printf("Choice is not valid! Press any key to continue...");

getch();

break;

}

int menu()

{

int men;

clrscr();

printf("\n\n\n\n\t\t-------------- Choices for Stack --------------\n");

printf("\n\n1 for push on stack.");

printf(" 2 for pop from stack.");

printf(" 3 for display the stack.");

printf(" 4 for Exit.");

printf("\n\n\n\n\t\t\t Enter Choice: ");

scanf("%d", &men);

return men;

}

void push(int *arr, int *top, int n)

{

clrscr();

if(*top >= n-1)

{

printf("\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\t ");

printf("Stack overflow. Press any key to continue...");

}

else

{

printf("\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t ");

printf("Enter Item: ");

(*top)++;

scanf("%d", arr+*top);

printf("\n\n\t\t ");

printf("Item pushed. Press any key to continue...");

}

void pop(int *arr, int *top)

{

clrscr();

if(*top == -1)

{

printf("\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\t ");

printf("Stack Underflow. Press any key to continue...");

}

else

{

printf("\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\t ");

printf("Item popped. Popped item is %d.", *(arr+*top));

printf("\n\t\t Press any key to continue...");

(*top)--;

}

void display(int *arr, int top)

{

int i;

clrscr();

if(top == -1)

{

printf("\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\t ");

printf("Stack is Empty. Press any key to continue...");

}

else

{

printf("\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t ");

printf("Stack items are:\n\n\n");

for(i=0; i<= top; i++)

{

printf("%d ", arr[i]);

}

printf("\n\n\n\t\t\t Press any key to continue...");

}

MurVal

C Programming